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2025-10-30 15:39:20

Stability Challenges in Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Solutions

Introduction Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have become increasingly significant in fields ranging from biomedicine and catalysis to environmental remediation and data storage due to their magnetic, electronic, and catalytic properties. However, despite their broad application potential, one of the most pressing challenges that researchers and industries face is ensuring the long-term...

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